Language Development
What is Language Development?
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Language development is a cycle beginning right off the bat in human life. Also, children come to comprehend and impart language during early childhood. Newborn children start without language, yet by 10 months, infants can recognize discourse sounds and take part in prattling. Some investigations have demonstrated that soonest learning starts in utero when the baby begins to perceive the sounds and discourse examples of its mom's voice.
cauterized because we have reinforcements, the child learns language, through operant conditioning and the reinforcements modify that response. Skinner (1904-1990) says that all our characteristics are behaviors, the human being has nothing innate when it comes to learning the language. The models for him are very important since the more effort and more stimuli, the more they learn.
when is it said that productive language begins?
Picture retrieved from https://www.sloanmagazine.com/early-years-language-speech-development/
The first 3 years of life, when the brain is in the process of development and maturation, is the most intensive period in the acquisition of speech and language skills. These skills are best developed when the child is consistently exposed to a world full of sights, sounds, and the speech and language of others. There are key periods in the speech and language development of infants and young children. In these key periods, the brain is better able to absorb language. If these periods are missed and the child is not exposed to language, it will be more difficult for the child to learn it.
The baby shows the first signs of communication when he learns that by crying he can obtain food, comfort and companionship. Newborns also begin to recognize important sounds around them, for example, the voice of the mother or caregiver. As they grow, babies begin to distinguish the speech sounds that make up the words of their language. By 6 months of age, most babies recognize the basic sounds of their mother tongue. Not all children develop speech and language skills in the same way. However, all children follow a natural progression or series of stages to master language skills. Below is a list of the stages of normal development of speech and language skills in children, from newborn to 5 years of age. These stages help doctors and other health professionals determine if the child is following normal development or needs help. Sometimes children take time to reach these stages because they have hearing loss, and in other cases because of a speech or language disorder.
What does it mean for the Nativist Theory by saying that children have what is called an innate language acquisition device?
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The Nativist Theory, proposed by Noam Chomsky, says that all children have what is called an innate language acquisition device (LAD). It means that children have an abased innate capacity for language when they are born. LAD is an area of the brain that has a set of universal syntactic rules for all languages, including details of important characteristics of all world’s languages. Chomsky argued that all humans are born with the knowledge of what makes the human language. He says that there are specific structures in the brain involved in language learning and language processing. Because children possess this LAD, they are in fact, able to learn the language despite incomplete information from their environment.
What does the empiricist theory suggest against Chomsky's theory?
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The empiricist theory suggests, against Chomsky, that there is enough information in the linguistic input that children receive, and therefore there is no need to assume that there is an innate language acquisition device. Rather than a LAD that evolved specifically for language, empiricists believe that general brain processes are sufficient for language acquisition. Statistical language acquisition, which belongs to empiricist theory, suggests that infants acquire language through the perception of patterns. Other researchers adopt an interactionist perspective, consisting of social interactionist theories of language development.
In such approaches, children learn the language in the interactive and communicative context, learning forms of language for meaningful communication movements. These theories focus primarily on caregiver's attitudes and attention to their children to promote productive language habits. Skinner suggested that language is learned through operant conditioning, that is, by imitation of stimuli and by reinforcing correct responses.
What does the interactionist perspective show?
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In human development, a child has the necessity to learn the language to communicate with anyone their desires like food. Language acquisition, how well or how quickly a person learns depends on his environment in which he grows up because it depends on social interaction. So, an interactionist perspective shows that when you have social interaction you are hearing, corrected, and repeating some social behaviors to improve your language unconsciously owing to you getting language as a parrot. When a child hears many words of his mother at times he learns and repeats it with perfect grammar and without mistakes because when they misspeak they are corrected.
This is Native theory that suggests that we are born with something in our genes that allows us to learn the language. When babies first learn to babble, parents and guardians smile, coo, and hug them for this behavior. As they grow older, children are praised for speaking properly and corrected when they misspeak. Thus, language arises from stimuli and stimulus-response. Language emerges from and is dependent upon, social interaction.
What does it mean that language is learned through operant conditioning? What language theory states this.
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The theory of language that affirms the learning of language through operant conditioning is the theory of Behaviorism, verbal behavior is characterized because we have reinforcements, the child learns language, through operant conditioning and the reinforcements modify that response. Skinner (1904-1990) says that all our characteristics are behaviors, the human being has nothing innate when it comes to learning the language. The models for him are very important since the more effort and more stimuli, the more they learn.
Which theories consider the development of language as a continuation of general cognitive development?
The theories that consider the development of language as a continuation of general cognitive development are:
The Empiricist Theory, suggests there is enough information in the linguistic input children receive, and therefore, there is no need to assume an innate language acquisition device exists (see above). Rather than a LAD which evolved specifically for language, empiricists believe that general brain processes are sufficient enough for language acquisition. During this process, the child must be actively engaged with their environment. For a child to learn the language, the parent or caregiver adopts a particular way of appropriately communicating with the child; this is known as child-directed speech (CDS). CDS is used so that children are given the necessary linguistic information needed for their language. Empiricism is a general approach and sometimes goes along with the interactionist approach. Statistical language acquisition, which falls under empiricist theory, suggests that infants acquire language through pattern perception.
The Behaviorist Theory proposed by B. F. Skinner suggested that language is learned through operant conditioning, namely, by imitation of stimuli and by reinforcement of correct responses. This perspective has not been widely accepted at any time, but by some accounts, is experiencing a resurgence. New studies use this theory now to treat individuals diagnosed with autism spectrum disorders. Additionally, Relational Frame Theory is growing from the behaviorist theory which is important for Acceptance and Commitment Therapy. Some empiricist theory accounts today use behaviorist models.
Piaget's theory of cognitive development, which considers the development of language as a continuation of general cognitive development, and Vygotsky's social theories attribute the development of language to an individual's social interactions and growth.
Are language and grammar learned or innate?
Language and grammar can be both innate and learned because according to Chomsky when a child is born, he already has a special learning ability due to it is innate in the mind of the babies. Therefore, a child has a natural system programmed in his brain letting him learn the language. However, it needs to be developed, and there is where the language is also taught. An example is when we are having human interactions, then observing, adapting, and imitating visually and verbally. We might be brought into the world with some measure of natural capacity, yet it is through redundancy and fortification that we can convey viably. The important language and grammar capacity require practice and this must be accomplished with being educated.
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Comment This topic is really relevant to all of the people who study a language or who want their babies will be biligue. Babies are in their best moments to learn and match objects with words, so here is the Chomsky theory of Nativist, but it is not complete without cultural transmission owing to people who born in Japan but grew up in Panama only hear Spanish will be speaking Spanish. I learn that Language acquisition is a very nice way to learn a second language, as children people need to recognize and understand to learn. Not exist an age to learn but exist methods or theory to learn. the worst thing that made me felt frustrated was chosen if language is innate or developing, both have really interesting and true points, but I bow to the second because while they are growing up, they need to understand what surrounds it and if they have mistakes people around them will correct them. So, in the end in my opinion it is development, they are learning every moment as well.
when is it said that productive language begins?
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| Picture retrieved from https://www.sloanmagazine.com/early-years-language-speech-development/ |
The first 3 years of life, when the brain is in the process of development and maturation, is the most intensive period in the acquisition of speech and language skills. These skills are best developed when the child is consistently exposed to a world full of sights, sounds, and the speech and language of others. There are key periods in the speech and language development of infants and young children. In these key periods, the brain is better able to absorb language. If these periods are missed and the child is not exposed to language, it will be more difficult for the child to learn it.
The baby shows the first signs of communication when he learns that by crying he can obtain food, comfort and companionship. Newborns also begin to recognize important sounds around them, for example, the voice of the mother or caregiver. As they grow, babies begin to distinguish the speech sounds that make up the words of their language. By 6 months of age, most babies recognize the basic sounds of their mother tongue. Not all children develop speech and language skills in the same way. However, all children follow a natural progression or series of stages to master language skills. Below is a list of the stages of normal development of speech and language skills in children, from newborn to 5 years of age. These stages help doctors and other health professionals determine if the child is following normal development or needs help. Sometimes children take time to reach these stages because they have hearing loss, and in other cases because of a speech or language disorder.
What does it mean for the Nativist Theory by saying that children have what is called an innate language acquisition device?
|
| Picture retrieved from https://blogs.glowscotland.org.uk/glowblogs/public/laurenseportfolio/uploads/sites/2978/2015/11/Girl-Imitating-Adult.jpg |
The Nativist Theory, proposed by Noam Chomsky, says that all children have what is called an innate language acquisition device (LAD). It means that children have an abased innate capacity for language when they are born. LAD is an area of the brain that has a set of universal syntactic rules for all languages, including details of important characteristics of all world’s languages. Chomsky argued that all humans are born with the knowledge of what makes the human language. He says that there are specific structures in the brain involved in language learning and language processing. Because children possess this LAD, they are in fact, able to learn the language despite incomplete information from their environment.
What does the empiricist theory suggest against Chomsky's theory?
|
| Picture retrieved from https://media.buzzle.com/media/images-en/illustrations/human-biology/600-58920754-senses.jpg |
The empiricist theory suggests, against Chomsky, that there is enough information in the linguistic input that children receive, and therefore there is no need to assume that there is an innate language acquisition device. Rather than a LAD that evolved specifically for language, empiricists believe that general brain processes are sufficient for language acquisition. Statistical language acquisition, which belongs to empiricist theory, suggests that infants acquire language through the perception of patterns. Other researchers adopt an interactionist perspective, consisting of social interactionist theories of language development.
In such approaches, children learn the language in the interactive and communicative context, learning forms of language for meaningful communication movements. These theories focus primarily on caregiver's attitudes and attention to their children to promote productive language habits. Skinner suggested that language is learned through operant conditioning, that is, by imitation of stimuli and by reinforcing correct responses.
What does the interactionist perspective show?
| Picture retrieved from https://encrypted-tbn0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcTRPO8gXd920bffcqeX2aoCEKW5_5EeHi7hNw&usqp=CAU |
In human development, a child has the necessity to learn the language to communicate with anyone their desires like food. Language acquisition, how well or how quickly a person learns depends on his environment in which he grows up because it depends on social interaction. So, an interactionist perspective shows that when you have social interaction you are hearing, corrected, and repeating some social behaviors to improve your language unconsciously owing to you getting language as a parrot. When a child hears many words of his mother at times he learns and repeats it with perfect grammar and without mistakes because when they misspeak they are corrected.
This is Native theory that suggests that we are born with something in our genes that allows us to learn the language. When babies first learn to babble, parents and guardians smile, coo, and hug them for this behavior. As they grow older, children are praised for speaking properly and corrected when they misspeak. Thus, language arises from stimuli and stimulus-response. Language emerges from and is dependent upon, social interaction.What does it mean that language is learned through operant conditioning? What language theory states this.
|
| Picture retrieved from https://www.verywellmind.com/thmb/MAPLFndQ8LcnO5yZO9QlEveVtEA=/2500x1406/smart/filters.png |
Which theories consider the development of language as a continuation of general cognitive development?
The theories that consider the development of language as a continuation of general cognitive development are:
The Empiricist Theory, suggests there is enough information in the linguistic input children receive, and therefore, there is no need to assume an innate language acquisition device exists (see above). Rather than a LAD which evolved specifically for language, empiricists believe that general brain processes are sufficient enough for language acquisition. During this process, the child must be actively engaged with their environment. For a child to learn the language, the parent or caregiver adopts a particular way of appropriately communicating with the child; this is known as child-directed speech (CDS). CDS is used so that children are given the necessary linguistic information needed for their language. Empiricism is a general approach and sometimes goes along with the interactionist approach. Statistical language acquisition, which falls under empiricist theory, suggests that infants acquire language through pattern perception.
The Behaviorist Theory proposed by B. F. Skinner suggested that language is learned through operant conditioning, namely, by imitation of stimuli and by reinforcement of correct responses. This perspective has not been widely accepted at any time, but by some accounts, is experiencing a resurgence. New studies use this theory now to treat individuals diagnosed with autism spectrum disorders. Additionally, Relational Frame Theory is growing from the behaviorist theory which is important for Acceptance and Commitment Therapy. Some empiricist theory accounts today use behaviorist models.
Piaget's theory of cognitive development, which considers the development of language as a continuation of general cognitive development, and Vygotsky's social theories attribute the development of language to an individual's social interactions and growth.
Are language and grammar learned or innate?
Language and grammar can be both innate and learned because according to Chomsky when a child is born, he already has a special learning ability due to it is innate in the mind of the babies. Therefore, a child has a natural system programmed in his brain letting him learn the language. However, it needs to be developed, and there is where the language is also taught. An example is when we are having human interactions, then observing, adapting, and imitating visually and verbally. We might be brought into the world with some measure of natural capacity, yet it is through redundancy and fortification that we can convey viably. The important language and grammar capacity require practice and this must be accomplished with being educated.
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| Picture retrieved from https://images.immediate.co.uk/production/volatile/sites/4/2018/07/GettyImages-490922474-5266b60.jpg?quality=90&resize=940%2C400 |
